A. Biati; H. Nikoomaram; A. R. Karbassi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 75-80
Abstract
Since heavy metals are considered as one of the major pollutants threatening, the main goal of this study was to bring out the concentrations of Pb, Zn and Mn in the surface sediments off Bushehr in the Persian Gulf. For this purpose, after collection of samples, the concentrations of the three metals ...
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Since heavy metals are considered as one of the major pollutants threatening, the main goal of this study was to bring out the concentrations of Pb, Zn and Mn in the surface sediments off Bushehr in the Persian Gulf. For this purpose, after collection of samples, the concentrations of the three metals in surface sediments were measured through the atomic absorption. The results were compared with the mean of the elemental concentrations of Earth’s crust, world’s sediments and other areas of the Persian Gulf. Although the mean of concentrations in selected stations were higher than the Persian Gulf’s central section, in comparison with Earth’s crust and world’s sediments, it was revealed that the concentrations of Zn and Mn were much lower. Moreover, cluster analysis showed that the two elements, Zn and Mn, had the same behavior and the concentration of Pb was not changed by depth increase.
F. Shariati; A. Esmaili Sari; A. Mashinchian Moradi; M. Pourkazemi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 81-90
Abstract
Tissue metal accumulations (gills, liver, kidney and muscle) in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) were compared folowing exposure to sublethal levels of waterborne Cd (50, 400 and 1000 μg•L-1) after periods of 1, 2, 4 and 14 days. The obtained results indicate that at the end of 4 and 14 ...
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Tissue metal accumulations (gills, liver, kidney and muscle) in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) were compared folowing exposure to sublethal levels of waterborne Cd (50, 400 and 1000 μg•L-1) after periods of 1, 2, 4 and 14 days. The obtained results indicate that at the end of 4 and 14 days of exposure, total tissue cadmium concentration followed the pattern: liver > gill > kidney > muscle. Calculation of bioconcentration factor (BCF) after 14 days exposure showed that at low and high concentrations, highest BCFs were found in kidney and liver, respectively. According to the results, the accumulation capacity of muscle was the lowest at all exposure concentrations. Cd concentration in the cytosol of experimental tissues were measured and the results indicated that Cd levels in the cytosol of liver, kidney and gills increased 240.71, 32.05, and 40.16-fold, respectively 14 days after exposure to 1000 μgL-1 Cd. The accumulation of Cd in cytosol of tissues is in the order of liver> gills> kidney.
F. Azarsina; R. Panahi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 91-100
Abstract
This paper assesses the design guidelines of different classification codes for the liquefied natural gas carriers considering the effect of liquid sloshing. With regard the increasing importance of LNG carriers in today’s marine transportation, and also considering that the marine accidents involve ...
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This paper assesses the design guidelines of different classification codes for the liquefied natural gas carriers considering the effect of liquid sloshing. With regard the increasing importance of LNG carriers in today’s marine transportation, and also considering that the marine accidents involve significant loss, classification societies by regulating national and international standards aim to minimize the related risks. On the other hand, currently, industrial projects are being run in Iran for the design and construction of LNG carriers, and thus, the study of the liquid sloshing effect on the maneuvering ability of those ships is of prime importance. The present paper compares the approach of different marine classification codes in dealing with the sloshing effect in the design of LNG tanks. The outcome of this research is to introduce an integrated and complete procedure for the sloshing analysis.
S. M. R. Fatemi; P. Ghavam Mostafavi; F. Rafiee; M. Saeed Taheri
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 101-106
Abstract
Rocky shores are one of the most important habitats of marine environment in coastal areas. They host marine organisms including seaweeds because of existence of strong and stable substrate for their growths. Intertidal rocky shores are a prominent feature on coastal areas of Qeshm Island located at ...
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Rocky shores are one of the most important habitats of marine environment in coastal areas. They host marine organisms including seaweeds because of existence of strong and stable substrate for their growths. Intertidal rocky shores are a prominent feature on coastal areas of Qeshm Island located at the northern part of Strait of Hormuz. In order to study biomass of seaweeds on rocky intertidal flats of this island, four stations in the south and one station in the northern part of the island were selected. Sampling was done for two periods, summer and winter. It was done during the low spring tide using a quadrate thrown manually and randomly at three times at upper, middle and lower parts of the flats with three replicates. Altogether 73 species of algae were collected and identified. These include 20 Chlorophyta, 10 Phaeophyta and 43 Rhodophyta. The maximum and minimum algal biomass of all stations was recorded in S4 station (117 g.m-2) and S5 station (24 g.m-2) with significant difference between the two stations (P<0.05). Also, the maximum algal biomass was observed for red algae (126g.m-2).
L. S. Madani; A. A. Bidokhti; M. Ezam
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 107-114
Abstract
An analytical model for a coastal boundary current was used to investigate heat and salt budget of exchange flows in the Persian Gulf as a marginal sea. Coastal boundary currents exchange heat and freshwater with the mosphere and the offshore waters. As heat and salinity fluxes caused by air-sea interaction ...
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An analytical model for a coastal boundary current was used to investigate heat and salt budget of exchange flows in the Persian Gulf as a marginal sea. Coastal boundary currents exchange heat and freshwater with the mosphere and the offshore waters. As heat and salinity fluxes caused by air-sea interaction and eddy activities, different temperature and salinity associated with boundary currents are adjusted on different length scales. Results obtained from the model show that the temperature and salinity length scales of coastal boundary current are 455 km and 914 km, for summer respectively for summer. In summer the inflow current density initially decreases to a local minimum and then increases, and finally flowing out the basin area with higher density than that of for the inflow. In winter, the estimated temperature and salinity length scales of coastal boundary current are 60 km and 64 km, respectively. In this season, density increases at the beginning with a steep slope and reaches a constant value and, finally the current flows out of the basin area.
S. M. R. Fatemi; Gh. Vossughi; P. Ghavam Mostafavi; F. Bahri
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 115-120
Abstract
Rocky shores are one of the most important habitats of marine environment in coastal areas. This study was done in 2010-2011 to investigate the diversity of true crabs in intertidal rocky shores of Qeshm island. Samples were collected from intertidal zones during the low-tide at 5 stations. The specimens ...
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Rocky shores are one of the most important habitats of marine environment in coastal areas. This study was done in 2010-2011 to investigate the diversity of true crabs in intertidal rocky shores of Qeshm island. Samples were collected from intertidal zones during the low-tide at 5 stations. The specimens were fixed in 70% Etanol and transferred to laboratory for identification. Altogether, 15 crab species belonging to 8 families and 14 genus were identified. 4 species were from Portunidae, 3 species from Eriphiidae, 2 species from Majidae,2 species from Grapsidae were identified. The others families including Euryplacidae, Leucociidae, Pilumnidae and Xanthidae families have the lowest species richness with only 1 species per family. Portunidae family with 4 species in intertidal zone had the highest species richness amongst studied stations. 3 species of Eriphia smithi from Eriphiidae family, Leptodius exaratus from Xanthidae family and Thalamita crenata from Portunidae family were present at all three intertidal zones (High tide, Mid tide and Low tide).
A. Mohseni Arasteh; K. Lari; S. S. Shariati
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 121-128
Abstract
The weather forecast by satellite data is a good guideline for assessment of voyage planning route in order to have safe and economic voyage for shipping. ISO15016, "Guidelines for the assessment of speed and performance by analysis of speed trial data", has been developed by the working group ISO/TC ...
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The weather forecast by satellite data is a good guideline for assessment of voyage planning route in order to have safe and economic voyage for shipping. ISO15016, "Guidelines for the assessment of speed and performance by analysis of speed trial data", has been developed by the working group ISO/TC 8/SC 9/WG 2. This paper presents the effects of wave speed & direction, wind speed and direction, current speed and direction, and depth of water in vessel voyage planning which is based on meteorology and satellite data and computer program based in the ISO/DIS 15016. The interpolation between satellite data, historical chart data and observed data can optimize voyage route and cause reduction in sea passage time and fuel oil consumption. Various analysis methods for resistance increase due to ship motion, wave diffraction, wind, steering, drifting, water temperature, salt content, deviation of displacement, hull and propeller surface roughness and shallow water effects are considered in this paper and could be contained in computer program.
A. Mashinchian Moradi; Sh. Zirehpour; M. B. Bahadori; Gh. Vossughi; M. B. Nabavi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , March 2012, Pages 129-134
Abstract
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ( TPH ) are environmental contaminants that are released into the marine environment through oil spills, industrial and domestic activities. TPH are readily transformed into more hydrophilic metabolites, which are accumulated in bile. Thus fish bile can be used as a biomarker ...
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Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ( TPH ) are environmental contaminants that are released into the marine environment through oil spills, industrial and domestic activities. TPH are readily transformed into more hydrophilic metabolites, which are accumulated in bile. Thus fish bile can be used as a biomarker of exposure of fish to TPH in the marine environment. in this study several stations were selected from the Khure Mussa in the northern part of the Persian Gulf. Fish and sediment sampling were collected in the 2009. Preparation and analysis of the samples were performed according to MOOPAM method using Spectro florophotometer (UVF(. The highest average concentration of TPH in sediment was 364.91 mg/kg (dry weight) and was observed in Jafari station. The maximum concentration of TPH in bile liquid of fish (Euryglossa orientalis ) was 525 mg/l which was found in Zangi station. Statistical analysis revealed a significant differences between TPH concentration in sediment and in bileliquid of fish (Euryglossa orientalis ) in the study area (Pfish bile observed in this study suggests that fish bile can be used as a tool for bio-monitoring of TPH pollution.