S. Eskandari; H. Mozdarani; A. Mashinchian Moradi; M. H. Shahhosseiny
Volume 2, Issue 4 , December 2012, , Pages 215-224
Abstract
Crude oil is enriched in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Many PAH analogs have proved to potentially damage DNA. DNA damage can be assessed using various biomarkers to find out the degree of genotoxicity of pollutants following in vitro exposure. In this research the comet assay and micronucleus ...
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Crude oil is enriched in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Many PAH analogs have proved to potentially damage DNA. DNA damage can be assessed using various biomarkers to find out the degree of genotoxicity of pollutants following in vitro exposure. In this research the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test were used to detect DNA damages and cytogenetic changes following crude oil exposure. For this purpose, freshwater bivalve mollusks (Anodonta cygnea) were exposed for ten days to 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm of crude oil. For the comet assay and for the MN test, hemolymph and gill cells of mussels were sampled respectively. Statistically, significant increase of DNA damage and micronuclei were found with 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm of crude oil. This study was performed to ascertain that A. cygnea is a good bioindicator of pollutants in aquatic environments; also identified hemolymph and gill of A.cygnea are most effective and practical tissues for genotoxicity studies.
A. Mashinchian Moradi; H. Mozdarani; P. Alidoust Salimi; M. Alidoust Salimi
Volume 2, Issue 3 , August 2012, , Pages 185-188
Abstract
Malathion (S-(1, 2-dicarboethoxyethyl) O, O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) is one of the organophosphate pesticides comprehensively used in agriculture fields throughout the world. In spite of widely used, little information are available about DNA damage in aquatic organisms. Therefore, the present study ...
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Malathion (S-(1, 2-dicarboethoxyethyl) O, O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) is one of the organophosphate pesticides comprehensively used in agriculture fields throughout the world. In spite of widely used, little information are available about DNA damage in aquatic organisms. Therefore, the present study carried out to investigation of DNA damage induced by malathion in Cyprinus carpio (Pisces: Cyprinidae) using single cell gel electrophoresis. The condition of experiment was determined in static system. The specimens were exposed to different non-lethal concentrations (0.5, 1.5 and 3 mgL-1) of the malathion for 96 hour (short-time exposed). Our results showed, the specimens exposed to different concentrations of malathion exhibited significantly higher DNA damage in their blood cells than the control sample (P<0.05). This study confirmed that the comet assay is useful method in determining genotoxicity of pesticides. Fish can be used for biomonitoring of the genotoxic pollutants in aquatic environment. Furthermore, DNA strand breakage can be used as biomarker in ecotoxicological studies.